The Medical Advisor

Cancer treatment has transformed dramatically over the past decade. From chemotherapy and radiation to targeted therapies, each advance has sought to tip the balance in favor of the patient. Now, cell-based immunotherapies — therapies that harness and engineer the body’s immune system to fight cancer — are taking center stage. Two of the most promising approaches are CAR-T and CAR-NK cell therapies. But what makes them different, and how are emerging innovations, including AI and NK cell expansion, shaping the future of immunotherapy? Understanding CAR-T Therapy CAR-T (Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-cell) therapy involves harvesting a patient’s T cells, genetically engineering them to recognize specific cancer antigens, and reinfusing them into the body. These modified T cells can detect and destroy cancer cells with remarkable precision. Strengths of CAR-T: High efficacy in blood cancers: Durable remissions have been reported in leukemia and lymphoma patients. Long-term immune memory: ...

Breast cancer remains one of the most challenging and prevalent malignancies worldwide, with metastatic and treatment-resistant cases posing significant therapeutic hurdles. Conventional treatment options, including chemotherapy, targeted therapies, and immunotherapy, often reach their limits, particularly in advanced stages such as triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC).  For patients with actionable mutations identified through molecular profiling, targeted therapies are the preferred treatment approach. In particular, for estrogen receptor–positive (ER+) breast cancer patients with a low Oncotype DX recurrence score, hormonal therapy alone is often appropriate, as genomic testing indicates a low risk of cancer recurrence and supports de-escalation of more aggressive systemic treatments. The preference for targeted treatments reflects their demonstrated efficacy in improving outcomes in these molecularly defined subgroups, underscoring the importance of comprehensive genomic profil...