Top 17 Alternative Cancer Treatments that Work: Evidence Based (2025 Edition)

By Editorial Team -
Contents
  • Introduction
  • Top Alternative Cancer Treatments
    1. Avoid Ultra Processed Foods and Sugar
    2. Vitamin D3, Omega 3 and Cancer
    3. Fenbendazole / Mebendazole / Albendazole and Cancer
    4. Turmeric (Curcumin)
    5. Vitamin C
    6. Magnesium and Molecular Hydrogen
    7. Ivermectin and Cancer
    8. Metformin
    9. Melatonin
    10. EGCG (Green Tea Extract)
    11. Mistletoe
    12. Aspirin and Celecoxib (COX-2 Inhibitor)
    13. Statins
    14. Hyperthermia
    15. Gerson Therapy
    16. HBOT (Hyper Baric Oxygen Therapy)
    17. Stress, Sleep and Sunshine
  • Conclusion

Introduction

Facing a cancer diagnosis can feel like being lost in an endless maze. The emotional turmoil and confusion are universal experiences. While conventional treatments like chemotherapy and radiation are important, there's growing interest in complementary and alternative therapies that can enhance or even replace traditional methods. Many such treatments have been explored, providing new hope to those affected by cancer.

A rapidly growing subcategory in the treatment of cancer is the utilization of prescription drugs originally approved for treating conditions other than cancer. Such off-label use of drugs has taken the world of integrative oncology by storm. 

This is a review of the published literature showing options for natural strategies and repurposed drugs that can be used in cancer prevention and treatment. It is not intended as a stand-alone guide to treating cancer. Nothing in this document should be taken as a basis to initiate treatment without guidance or avoid any treatment prescribed by your treating physician. This information is offered as a basis to assist mutual decision-making. 

Many of us were first exposed to the idea of using prescription drug cocktails to treat cancer by Ben Williams. Mr. Williams was diagnosed with glioblastoma in March 1995. He availed himself of a drug and supplement protocol that proved to be effective. He chronicled these treatment choices first on a website and in his 2002 book, Surviving Terminal Cancer: Clinical Trials, Drug Cocktails, and Other Treatments Your Oncologist Won’t Tell You About. The protocol he followed stood out not just because of the many nutritional supplements but also because he took multiple off-label drugs. Williams took a range of drugs including Accutane, Actos, and Celebrex that evidence suggested might have an additive or synergistic effect against glioblastoma. 

Cancer care is a team effort with the patient at the centre. Care should be supervised and coordinated by a primary healthcare provider. Patients with cancer should consult with their regular oncologist as well as an integrative provider/oncologist, in addition to their primary care provider and the supporting nurses, dieticians and other allied healthcare professionals.

While the term "alternative" might suggest opposition to conventional oncology, we prefer using "complementary," "integrated," or "holistic." These terms better capture the role of these approaches as part of a personalized, value-added menu of strategies designed to provide the most effective and safe solutions for patients. The focus is not on choosing one strategy over another but on combining all available approaches to achieve the best possible outcome.

Repurposed Drugs for Cancer
Diverse cancer hallmarks targeted by repurposed non-oncology drugs. This figure was created with Biorender.com. Source: Nature 2024

Below, we’ve compiled a list of alternative cancer treatments and interventions that offer hope and empower you to make informed decisions about your health. This science-backed curation is based on over 1,000 peer reviewed references from the medical literature. 

Chemotherapy has survival advantage on 'chemotherapy curable cancers' (left column) but chemotherapy does not have survival benefit for most cancers on the right column: FLCCC Alliance


Methodology

For evidence, we include first meta-analyses of clinical trials. If these are not available, we then include individual clinical trials. If these are not available, we include case series, and then case studies. If human studies are not available, we rely on preclinical evidence.

Top Alternatives and Metabolic Interventions to Control Cancer

The Repurposing Drugs in Oncology (ReDO) project has cataloged 268 approved drugs with anticancer effects. It would be impossible to review all the drugs in ReDo’s database in this article; rather, we have focused on, curated and evaluated the drugs or natural compounds that appear to have the greatest clinical utility. These repurposed drugs are listed in priority according to the strength of the supporting clinical and mechanistic evidence.


SUMMARY OF TOP REPURPOSED DRUGS, METABOLIC INTERVENTIONS AND COMPLEMENTARY MEDICINE TO CONTROL CANCER

List based on the quality of evidence. 

1. Diet and Cancer

This chapter explores one of the most cost-effective and minimally invasive strategies for managing cancer.

In 2022, the American Cancer Society (ACS) published diet and physical activity guidelines for cancer survivors. In 2020, the American Cancer Society (ACS) also published diet and physical activity guidelines for cancer prevention. 

Nutrition and physical activity recommendations established by the ACS for the primary prevention of cancer are broadly relevant to survivors undergoing and immediately after cancer treatment.

Here are our updated and key takeaways from the American Cancer Society 2022 guide (ACS 2022: 32-page guide) and the American Cancer Society 2020 guide (ACS 2020: 26-page guide):

Avoid Ultra Processed Foods

A 2024 umbrella review* (BMJ) of the literature confirmed what multiple studies have shown — the higher your intake of ultraprocessed food, the higher your risk of adverse health outcomes. The analysis, which included 45 unique pooled analyses and 9,888,373 participants, found direct associations between 32 health parameters and exposure to ultra processed food, including metabolic dysfunction, cancer, mental, respiratory, cardiovascular and gastrointestinal issues, as well as all-cause mortality.

*Umbrella review: An umbrella review, or a review of reviews, is a systematic review that only considers other systematic reviews as an eligible study type for inclusion. An umbrella review compiles evidence from multiple existing reviews and is one of the strongest and highest levels of evidence.

Another umbrella review*, published in May 2024 in PLOS One, evaluated 48 previous reviews and meta-analyses published between 2000 and 2023 and concluded that vegetarian or vegan diets “significantly reduce the risk” of ischemic heart disease, gastrointestinal cancer, and prostate cancer, as well as associated mortality.

Caution: What are the nutrients of concern for vegetarians and vegans? Vitamin B12 and K2. Anybody who is eating a vegan diet or a vegetarian diet or just a mostly plant-based diet should be taking vitamin B12 and K2 supplements. Vitamin B12 is only found in significant amounts in animal products and fortified foods, and a deficiency can cause anemia, mood changes, or permanent neurological damage. Plant-based diets may also be low in vitamin D, omega-3 fatty acids, and minerals like iodine, selenium, iron, and zinc. 

Avoid Sugar

Evidence from another umbrella review (BMJ 2023) of more than 8,000 studies supports the limiting dietary sugar recommendation.

Dietary Fibre

Another 2023 umbrella review (more than 100 studies analysed) of the literature indicated that a high intake of dietary fiber is associated with a reduced risk of several types of cancer, including esophageal, gastric, colon, rectal, colorectal adenoma, breast, endometrial, ovarian, renal cell, prostate, and pancreatic cancers. Conclusion: Dietary fiber intake has different protective effects on different cancers.

According to a 2019 Lancet publication, risk reduction associated with a range of critical outcomes was greatest when daily intake of dietary fibre was between 25 g and 29 g.

Cruciferous vegetable

A 2022 umbrella review* of 41 systematic reviews and meta-analyses of 303 observational studies
revealed that CV (cruciferous vegetable intake might be associated with beneficial effects on several health-related outcomes (gastric cancer, lung cancer, endometrial cancer, and all-cause mortality).


Glucose Management and Ketogenic Diet

Glucose management through a ketogenic diet is an alternative cancer diet that has gained traction in recent years. This diet emphasizes low carbohydrate intake, which may help slow the growth of cancer cells by depriving them of glucose, their primary energy source. By reducing glucose spikes, the ketogenic diet aims to create an environment where cancer cells can’t thrive. Many people with cancer have turned to this dietary approach as a complementary therapy to standard cancer treatments, hoping to enhance their effectiveness and reduce side effects.

A 2021 review (Curr Issues Mol Biol) highlights the crucial mechanisms that explain the ketogenic diet's potential antitumor effects, which probably produces an unfavourable metabolic environment for cancer cells and can be used as a promising adjuvant in cancer therapy.

A carbohydrate-restricted diet (less than 25 g of carbs per day) that is high in saturated fat and Omega-3 fatty acids (ketogenic diet) is suggested. Avoid all processed food (see the FLCCC Guide to Fasting and Healthy Eating for more detailed guidance). Contrary to current dogma, saturated fatty acids are “healthy,” but you should avoid processed Omega-6 vegetable oils (see below). Avoid foods that are high on the glycemic index and follow the “hacks” to flatten the blood glucose curve (see below). Use continuous glucose monitoring to maintain post-meal glucose levels under 120 mg/dL.

However, glucose management and keto diet are not suitable for everyone; people with certain metabolic disorders or who are pregnant should consult their healthcare provider.

The saturated fat-cholesterol hoax

The Cholesterol-Saturated fatty acid hoax began to proliferate in the 1960s. Dr. Ancel Keys popularized the notion that saturated fats and high cholesterol were the primary causes of atherosclerotic heart disease — the so-called Diet-Heart Hypothesis. This concept has been vigorously studied, including in many randomized controlled trials, and has been convincingly proven to be false (BMJ 2016). Indeed, replacing saturated fats with a diet high in vegetable oils (linoleic acid) was associated with higher rates of death, cardiovascular and coronary heart disease as well as a significantly increased risk of cancer (BMJ 2013).

Healthy and unhealthy oils 

Avoid seed oils high in linoleic acid. Linoleic acid is an Omega-6 fatty acid that our bodies require in small amounts. Unfortunately, many people eat up to 10 times the desired amount of linoleic acid, because of excess consumption of foods made with seed oils. Too much linoleic acid is associated with inflammation, obesity, heart disease, and other unfavorable conditions. Therefore, avoid:

• Soybean oil 
• Corn oil 
• Cottonseed oil 
• Sunflower oil 
• Sesame oil 
• Grapeseed oil 
• Safflower oil 
• Margarine 
• Rice bran oil 

Instead, opt for healthy oils and fats such as the ones listed below. Omega-3 fatty acids and saturated fats from natural sources are preferred.

Use only high-quality products and check production and expiration dates. 

• Olive oil (oleic acid, Omega-9 monounsaturated fatty acids); never heat olive oil to the point where it produces smoke. 
• Avocado oil (oleic acid, Omega-9 monounsaturated fatty acids) 
• Coconut oil (medium chain fatty acid) 
• Flaxseed oil (alpha-linolenic acid, ALA Omega-3) 
• Walnut and Pecan oils; should be refrigerated to avoid spoilage 
• Butter (saturated fat) 

Low-Carb and Fasting Are Ill-Advised
You most likely have heard that keto diet and fasting are helpful for cancer patients? 

As noted by Dr Peter Attia, weeklong fasting significantly deteriorates thyroid function, and that can be explained by the lack of nutrients during a fast. While he does not address this, the same applies to low-carb eating and time-restricted eating (TRE). All three of these strategies will activate your adrenals, trigger cortisol release and down-regulate your thyroid function and metabolism. 

So, while low-carb and various fasting regimens can be helpful in the short term to address extreme obesity, there are safer, albeit slower, ways to address that. As explained in "Important Information About Low Carb, Cortisol and Glucose", elevated cortisol is highly problematic, as it breaks down your lean muscle, bones and brain to make amino acids that your liver then converts to glucose. It also promotes inflammation and is a primary driver of aging. 

If cortisol is chronically elevated, you will likely die prematurely, as it is highly catabolic, meaning it will break down your body tissues. Cortisol is released when your body doesn’t have enough glucose available, so it’s important to eat enough healthy carbs and not deprive your body of glucose for extended periods.

Low-carb/high-fat diets ultimately backfire because they inhibit glucose metabolism, which is the most efficient form of energy production in your mitochondria; they also impair thyroid function. Your thyroid is crucial for energy production, and if your thyroid doesn't work, you're down the creek without a paddle.

One of the reasons for this is because ketogenic diets increase the stress hormones — cortisol, glucagon and adrenaline. On the other hand, one of the reasons why ketogenic and carnivore diets are usually helpful for a time is because, if implemented properly, you’re radically reducing your intake of omega-6 fats, linoleic acid (LA) in particular, which is one of the primary drivers of ill health.
 
Cautions and Concerns: Things to Consider Before Fasting and time restricted eating

Fasting can have certain side effects, including mood swings and, notably, hunger. In today’s culture, where snacking and constant indulgence in food are common, fasting can be seen as equivalent to starvation.

Dr. Jason Fung, a nephrologist and fasting expert, however, would argue that fasting is a purposeful way of managing one’s day by allocating specific times for eating.

The benefits of fasting can vary among individuals, and the preferred type of fasting can also differ. Intermittent fasting is generally safe, but not everyone responds well to prolonged fasting.

During prolonged fasts, the body primarily breaks down fat for energy rather than muscle. However, the extent to which fat or muscle is targeted can vary based on an individual’s body composition. Those who have more fat to lose may lose more fat and less muscle, while those with higher muscle mass may experience a greater breakdown of protein stores.

Studies have shown that lean muscle mass loss occurs within the first day of prolonged fasting, regardless of an individual’s fat and muscle proportions. Therefore, individuals with significant muscle mass may experience more muscle loss and less fat loss during prolonged fasting.

There are different approaches to incorporating fasting into one’s lifestyle, such as intermittent fasting or longer fasting periods every few months. Social norms, like having dinner together, can discourage extended fasting, so it’s important to choose a fasting style that suits one’s lifestyle and preferences.

However it should be noted that intermittent fasting is not recommended for:
  • Older people are notorious for getting frail very quickly if they skip even one meal. They don’t eat very often, but they need their meal. If you don’t give it to them, they can very quickly decline. 
  • Extended fasting is also not a healthy long term strategy as it increases your stress hormones and worsens mitochondrial function.
  • People with diabetes and kidney disease are also recommended to check with their primary care physicians before considering intermittent fasting.
  • Those taking hypoglycemic or antihypertensive medication are particularly at risk, as they may end up overdosing. If you're on medication, you need to work with your doctor to ensure safety, as some medications need to be taken with food and/or can become toxic when your body chemistry normalizes. 
  • People younger than the age of 18, as it can prevent growth. 
  • Pregnant and breastfeeding women are also not recommended to fast intermittently. 
Credit: FLCCC 2024 Conference

2. Vitamin D3, Omega 3 and Cancer

Vitamin D can absorb calcium and help the immune, muscle, and nervous systems function properly. There are more than 11,000 search results on vitamin D and cancer on PubMed. 

A 2023 systematic review and meta-analysis of 14 RCTs (randomized controlled trials), published in Ageing Research Reviews (Kuznia 2023) found vitamin D3 supplementation reduced cancer mortality by 6%. This wasn’t considered statistically significant, but when only studies involving daily vitamin D intake were analyzed, cancer mortality dropped by a significant 12%.
Many experts now recommend 800 to 1,000 IU a day, a goal that's nearly impossible to attain without taking a supplement. Although protection is far from proven, evidence suggests that vitamin D may help reduce the risk of prostate cancer, colon cancer, and other malignancies. 

Types of cancers that Vitamin D may be beneficial for 

Vitamin D supplementation is likely beneficial in most cancers, but particularly in patients with breast, colorectal, gastric, esophagus, lung, and prostate cancer as well as those with lymphomas and melanoma. 

Vitamin D can also be absorbed through sunlight, or with the following diet: 
  • fatty fish 
  • egg yolks 
  • fortified milk

Summary of the anti-cancer pathways of the repurposed drugs and nutraceuticals

Vitamin D and Omega 3

A 2024 post hoc analysis (Nutrients 2024) of the AMATERASU trial (UMIN000001977), a randomized controlled trial (RCT), included 302 patients with digestive tract cancers divided into two subgroups stratified by median serum levels of omega-3 into higher and lower halves. The 5-year relapse-free survival (RFS) rate was significantly higher in the higher half (80.9%) than the lower half (67.8%). In the patients in the lower omega-3 group, the 5-year RFS was significantly higher in the vitamin D (74.9%) than the placebo group (49.9%). In patients with digestive tract cancers, these results suggest that vitamin D supplementation may reduce the risk of relapse or death by interacting with marine omega-3.

The first randomized-controlled trial (DO-HEALTH) trial to investigate the combination of three complementary treatments for the prevention of cancer and suggest that the combination of daily vitamin D3, supplemental marine omega-3s, and a simple home exercise program may be effective in the prevention of invasive cancer among generally healthy and active adults aged 70 and older.

Findings from a 3 year Randomized Controlled Trial with more than 2,000 participants observed a 61% reduction in the risk of invasive cancer among patients who completed a home exercise program and took vitamin D3 and omega-3 fatty acids daily. These results, from the DO-HEALTH trial (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT01745263), were published in Frontiers in Aging 2022.

Although the DO-HEALTH study is on healthy patients, vitamin D and omega-3 are broadly relevant to survivors undergoing and immediately after cancer treatment.

Vitamin D and Chemotherapy

Multiple studies indicate that a significant proportion of cancer patients are vitamin D-deficient (level < 20 ng/mL) and that higher plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels are associated with improved survival in colorectal, breast, gastric, and lymphoma cancer patients [Systematic Review 2014]. Meta-analyses and clinical trials demonstrate that vitamin D supplementation may reduce cancer mortality and improve survival in cancer patients, especially when used in combination with chemotherapy (Meta-analysis 2023). SUNSHINE (JAMA 2019), a clinical trial on metastatic colorectal cancer patients, showed that “high-dose” vitamin D3 (aiming for a level of >50 ng/mL) combined with standard chemotherapy resulted in improved progression-free survival compared to standard-dose vitamin D3.

Caution: The dosage for vitamin D in prevention (1,000 to 2,000 IU daily) is very much different from the high dose treatment dosage i.e. 20,000 to 50,000 IU daily. Always consult your doctor first! 

Clinical studies 

Data suggest that the majority of patients with cancer are vitamin D deficient (level < 20 ng/mL). Several prospective observational studies have shown that higher levels of plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D were associated with improved survival among patients with colorectal cancer.

Similarly, elevated 25-OH D levels were associated with better overall survival in patients with breast and gastric cancer and lymphoma. In a population-based study of patients with cancer of the breast, colon, lung, and lymphoma a 25- OHD level below 18 ng/mL at diagnosis experienced shorter survival.

In a meta-analysis of 19 studies Robsahm et al reported an inverse relationship between 25-hydroxyvitamin D and cancer survival. Chen performed a meta-analysis of observational cohort studies and randomized trials which assessed the role of post-diagnosis vitamin D supplement intake on survival among cancer patients. The meta-analysis included 11 publications consisting of 5 RCTs and 6 observational cohort studies. The summary relative risk (SRR) for overall survival of vitamin D supplement use vs. non-use, pooling cohort studies and randomized trials, was 0.87 (95% CI, 0.78–0.98; p = 0.02). 

Vaughan-Shaw et al performed a meta-analysis of 7 studies evaluating the use of supplemental vitamin D in patients with colorectal cancer. The study reported a 30% reduction in adverse outcomes and a beneficial effect on progression-free survival (HR = 0.65; 95% CI: 0.36–0.94). In a meta-analysis by Kuznia et al, subgroup analysis revealed that vitamin D3 administered daily, in contrast to bolus supplementation, reduced cancer mortality by 12 %. It should be recognized that a daily dose of between 800 IU and 4000 IU was administered in the studies included in this meta-analysis and that vitamin D levels were not monitored. A more dramatic reduction in mortality would likely be realized if patients were dosed more appropriately.

SUNSHINE was a double-blind, multicenter, randomized clinical trial designed to evaluate the efficacy of “high dose” vitamin D3 compared with standard-dose vitamin D3 given in combination with standard chemotherapy in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer. 

The high-dose group received a loading dose of 8,000 IU per day of vitamin D3 (two 4,000 IU capsules) for cycle 1 followed by 4,000 IU/d for subsequent cycles. The standard dose group received 400 IU/d of vitamin D3 during all cycles. In this underpowered (n=139) RCT, multivariable HR for progression-free survival or death was 0.64 (95% CI, 0-0.90; p = .02) in favor of the high dose group. Comparison of progression-free survival between the high-dose and standard-dose vitamin D3 groups using a log-rank test stratified by ECOG performance status was statistically significant (p = .03). At baseline, median plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels were deficient in both the high-dose vitamin D3 group (16.1 ng/mL [IQR, 10.1 to 23.0 ng/mL]) and in the standard-dose vitamin D3 group (18.7 ng/mL [IQR, 13.5 to 22.7 ng/mL]). Only 9% of the total study population had sufficient levels (≥30 ng/mL) of 25-hydroxyvitamin D at baseline. 

At treatment discontinuation, patients in the high-dose vitamin D3 group had a median 25-hydroxyvitamin D level of 34.8 ng/mL (IQR, 24.9-44.7 ng/mL), whereas those in the standard-dose vitamin D3 group were still deficient in vitamin D and had a median 25- hydroxyvitamin D level of 18.7 ng/mL(IQR, 13.9-23.0ng/mL) (difference, 16.2 ng/mL [95% CI, 9.9-22.4 ng/mL]; P < .001). It is important to note that based on these levels the “high dose” group was profoundly underdosed. As indicated above, vitamin D dosing should be based on a serum level aiming for a level of > 50 ng/mL (target 55-90 ng/mL). Based on the data from this study we would suggest a daily dose of vitamin D3 of 20,000 to 50,000 IU/day until a vitamin D level is obtained. It is possible that patients with cancer may require an even higher level, approximating 150 ug/dL.

Wang et al demonstrated that postoperative vitamin D supplementation in esophageal cancer patients undergoing esophagectomy was associated with improved quality of life and with improved disease-free survival. Similarly, vitamin D use post-diagnosis was found to be associated with a reduction in breast cancer-specific mortality. Two recent clinical trials in prostate cancer patients suggest that vitamin D supplementation may prevent prostate cancer progression. Vitamin D has additive or synergistic effects when combined with conventional chemotherapy. Zeichner et al demonstrated that the use of vitamin D during neoadjuvant chemotherapy in HER2-positive nonmetastatic breast cancer was associated with improved disease-free survival (HR, 0.36; 95% CI, 0.15-0.88; p=0.026). 

Types of cancers that Vitamin D may be beneficial for Vitamin D supplementation is likely beneficial in most cancers, but particularly in patients with breast, colorectal, gastric, esophagus, lung, and prostate cancer as well as those with lymphomas and melanoma. Dosing and cautions As almost all patients with cancer are severely vitamin D deficient, a high loading dose of vitamin D is suggested followed by dose titration according to vitamin D blood levels, aiming for a level of > 50 ng/mL (target 55-90 ng/mL). 

However current data suggest that levels up to 150 ng/mL are necessary for certain types of cancer to stop growth and metastasis. Vitamin D intoxication is observed when serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D are greater than 150 ng/mL (374 nmol per liter). (554) Hypercalcemia will usually not occur until levels exceed over 250 ng/mL. We, therefore, suggest a daily dose of 20,000 to 50,000 IU until a vitamin D level is obtained. With the suggested doses, serum 25(OH)D concentrations rise above 100 ng/mL within a week or two, but unless a suitable higher maintenance dose is used (~ 10,000 IU/day), the level will start to drop to baseline after three weeks or so, and the benefit of vitamin D will be lost. 

If measuring vitamin D levels is not feasible/possible, we would suggest a loading dose of 100,000 IU followed by 10,000 IU/day. Doses of 10,000 IU of vitamin D3 per day for up to 5 months were reported to be safe and without toxicity. It should be noted that dosages of vitamin D up to 80,000 IU/day have been reported to be safe. We recommended vitamin D3 over D2 as vitamin D2 is approximately 30% as effective as vitamin D3 in maintaining serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels. 

Furthermore, vitamin D3 should be dosed daily rather than large intermittent bolus dosing. It is best to include both vitamin K2 (menaquinone [MK4/MK7] 100 mcg/day, or 800 mcg/week) and magnesium (250-500 mg/day) when doses of vitamin D > 8 000 IU/day are taken. Patients taking coumadin need to be closely monitored and the need to consult with their PCP before taking vitamin K2. Further, we suggest measuring PTH (parathyroid) levels and calcium levels and titrating the dose of Vitamin D according to the PTH levels as follows (Coimbra Protocol):  

i) if the PTH level is below the lower end of the reference range, reduce the dose of vitamin D 
ii) if the PTH level is at (or close too) the lower end of the reference range, maintain dose, 
iii) if PTH is within the reference range but not near to the low end of the reference range increase the dose of vitamin D.

Mechanisms and Dosage
  • Supplementation: Dose titration according to vitamin D blood levels, aiming for a level of > 50 ng/mL (target 55-90 ng/mL)
  • Sun Exposure: Safe sunlight exposure can naturally boost vitamin D levels.
  • Synergy: Vitamin D3 works well with vitamin K2 and magnesium. Make sure to take 500 mg to 1000 mg of magnesium and 150 mcg of vitamin K2, (not K1) which are important cofactors for optimizing vitamin D function. 
And, remember the only way you know what your vitamin D level is, is to test it. Most people are shocked how low their level is when they finally get around to testing it.

Consideration and Caution

Patients taking Coumadin need to be closely monitored and the need to consult with their primary care provider before taking vitamin K2.

Source: https://covid19criticalcare.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/Cancer-Care-FLCCC-Dr-Paul-Marik-v2.pdf
 

3. Turmeric (Curcumin) and Cancer

There are more than 8,000 search results on curcumin and cancer on PubMed and more than 50 clinical trials with curcumin, most of which are still ongoing. The spice turmeric can be extremely helpful when it comes to fighting cancer. 

Studies show that the curcumin in turmeric may kill cancer cells and slow tumor growth. This preclinical research has taken curcumin from the lab to the clinic. 

The benefits of curcumin may include: 
  • blocking cancer cells from multiplying
  • killing colon, breast, prostate, and melanoma cancer cells
  • slowing tumor growth
Most of the studies published on PubMed are non-human (pre-clinical) studies. A 2022 review paper, analysed 21 human studies. Sixteen out of 21 clinical trials were associated with the effectiveness of curcumin or turmeric on various types of cancer, and the other five clinical trials were related to the evaluation of the efficacy of curcumin or turmeric in relieving the side effects of cancer chemotherapy and radiotherapy. The emerging data from the clinical trials confirm that curcumin has the potential for cancer prevention and intervention. 
Significantly, the active elements in curcumin attack cancer while leaving healthy cells untouched. For the purpose of disease intervention, while turmeric is available in powdered form, it contains very little of the active compounds in curcumin, or only about a 3% curcumin concentration.

Because it's not easily absorbed through your gastrointestinal tract, it's more effective to use a high-quality bioavailable curcumin extract, according to a 2013 study. A typical anticancer dose is just under 1 teaspoon of curcumin extract three or four times daily.

Both curcuminoids and related turmeric products have been sanctioned by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) as safe.

Turmeric and black pepper each have health benefits, due to the compounds curcumin and piperine. As piperine enhances curcumin absorption in the body by up to 2,000%, combining the spices magnifies their effects. (Healthline)

The use of fenbendazole and curcumin, has achieved much attention due to the reported experience of Joe Tippens. In 2016, Tippens was diagnosed with non-small-cell lung cancer with extensive metastatic disease. At the advice of a veterinarian friend, he took Fenbendazole together with nanocurcumin, and three months after starting these drugs his PET scan was completely clear. He remains alive and disease-free up until the present.
                      

4. Fenbendazole / Mebendazole / Albendazole and Cancer

A search on PubMed for “benzimidazole AND cancer” yielded more than 8,000 citations. 

The use of benzimidazoles in cancer is limited to a few case reports and a small case series (Chiang 2021). Mebendazole (MBZ) is a component of the multidrug cocktail used in the METRICS study (Agrawal 2019).  The use of benzimidazoles, and in particular fenbendazole, has achieved much attention as a repurposed drug for cancer due to the reported experience of Joe Tippens. In 2016, Tippens was diagnosed with non-small-cell lung cancer with extensive metastatic disease. At the advice of a veterinarian friend, he took Fenbendazole together with nanocurcumin, and three months after starting these drugs his PET scan was completely clear. He remains alive and disease-free up until the present.

Types of cancers that mebendazole may be beneficial for 

A wide variety of cancers, including NSCLC (non small cell lung cancer), adrenocortical, colorectal, chemo-resistant melanoma, glioblastoma multiforme, colon, leukemia, osteosarcoma/soft tissue sarcoma, acute myeloid sarcoma, breast (ER+ invasive ductal), kidney, and ovarian carcinoma, have been shown to be responsive to benzimidazoles, including MBZ. (Guerini 2019, Meco 2023) 

Dosing and cautions 

We suggest Mebendazole 100-200 mg/day. The cost of mebendazole in the U.S. skyrocketed once this drug was discovered to have activity against cancer ($555 for a single 100 mg tablet). However, mebendazole is available from international compounding pharmacies (India) at about 27c for a 100 mg tablet. 

Targeting the Mitochondrial-Stem Cell Connection in Cancer Treatment: A Hybrid Orthomolecular Protocol

First-in-the-World Ivermectin, Mebendazole and Fenbendazole Protocol in Cancer has been peer-reviewed and published on Sep.19, 2024 in the Journal of Orthomolecular Medicine. Co-authors include Dr Paul Marik and Dr William Makis: Targeting the Mitochondrial-Stem Cell Connection in Cancer Treatment: A Hybrid Orthomolecular Protocol.

Read More about Fenbendazole Cancer Success Stories and Treatment Testimonials: Case Series.

5. Vitamin C

PubMed has indexed more than 3,000 research studies on vitamin C and cancer.

2022 - A systematic review on the effect of vitamins C and E on cancer survival showed improvement of survival and progression rates of cancers by vitamins C and E. However, the authors concluded that more high quality trials with large sample sizes are required to confirm.

Vitamin C is known as an antioxidant, but at high concentrations, vitamin C can kill cancer cells through a pro-oxidant property (Transl Oncol. 2020). This study has also demonstrated that vitamin C treatment with magnesium supplementation provided more effective anticancer therapy than vitamin C treatment alone.


High-dose vitamin C cancer therapy was introduced by Linus Pauling and Ewan Cameron [R]. Clinical demonstration results by Pauling and Cameron showed that intravenous injection of 10 g/day of vitamin C extended the survival time of terminal cancer patients by about 4.2 times. However, results from the Mayo Clinic in 1979 showed that the survival time of vitamin C–treated patients was even shorter than that of the placebo group patients [R]. A significant difference between those two research groups was the route of AA administration: intravenous injection and oral administration, respectively. 

To understand the mechanism of AA's anticancer activity, many research groups have treated colon, prostate, leukemia, lymphoma, brain, and stomach cancer cells and chemically or genetically transformed cancer cells with AA and showed cancer growth inhibition and even cancer cell death through hydrogen peroxide–mediated reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation [R]. In most cases, the pharmacological concentration of vitamin C required for anticancer effects (EC50 value of 1–10 mM) could only be achieved by intravenous administration. Thus, to apply vitamin C as an anticancer therapy, a high intracellular concentration in cancer cells is critically important (R).

Vitamin C and Aspirin

In laboratory tests, the aspirin-vitamin C combination showed a strong cytotoxic effect on liver cancer cells but was much less harmful to normal lung cells. This selectivity is crucial for reducing the side effects associated with cancer treatments. The synergy between these two common substances appears to enhance their individual anticancer properties, offering a safer alternative to harsh chemotherapies.

The potential of aspirin and vitamin C extends beyond the lab, with encouraging results in animal studies. When tested on rats with chemically induced liver cancer, the combination therapy showed remarkable results. After 90 days of treatment, the livers of treated rats had significant improvement in both appearance and function.

In another study, the combination of aspirin, also known as acetylsalicylic acid (ASA), and vitamin C, or ascorbate (AS), showed superior results in shrinking tumors compared to either compound alone. When mice with solid tumors were treated with the combination, their tumor volume decreased by 46%, versus 40% with ASA alone and 36% with AS alone.

This synergistic effect likely stems from combining aspirin's anti-inflammatory properties with vitamin C’s potent antioxidant capabilities. The two compounds appear to work together to create a more hostile environment for cancer cells, impeding their growth and proliferation.

By attacking tumors through multiple mechanisms simultaneously, the aspirin-vitamin C combination may overcome some of the adaptations cancer cells typically develop to evade single-compound treatments.

Beyond just shrinking tumors, the aspirin-vitamin C combination significantly extended survival times and appeared to improve overall health in the tumor-bearing mice. Mice treated with the combination survived an average of 93.5 days, compared to just 54 days for untreated tumor-bearing mice — a 73% increase in lifespan.

Intravenous Vitamin C 

Intermediate- and high-grade cancers: Dose of 1.5g/kg/day, 2-3x per week (Fan, et al., 2023). Established as a non-toxic dose for cancer patients (Wang, F., et al., 2019). (source)


6. Magnesium and Molecular Hydrogen

PubMed has indexed more than 5,000 research studies on magnesium and cancer.

Magnesium and Colorectal Cancer

Several studies have demonstrated an association between high magnesium intake and reduced risk of colorectal cancer (CRC).

An analysis of the prospective, Swedish Mammography Cohort (JAMA 2005), evaluated 61,433 women aged 40 to 75 without a history of cancer for a mean follow-up of 14.8 years. The highest quintile of magnesium intake was associated with a significantly lower risk of CRC compared with the lowest quintile. This benefit was observed for both colon and rectal cancers.

A case-control study evaluated 2204 subjects from the Tennessee Colorectal Polyp Study (2007), which demonstrated that increasing total magnesium intake was significantly associated with decreasing risk of CR.. The highest tertile of dietary magnesium intake (>298 mg/day) was significantly associated with reduced risk of CRC in an age-adjusted model.

A study of 140,601 postmenopausal women from the Women’s Health Initiative (2015) with an mean follow-up of 13 years demonstrated a significant reduction in CRC risk with the highest quintile of total magnesium intake compared with the lowest quintile of magnesium intake. The benefit was driven by colon cancer, with a trend for rectal cancer.

Magnesium and Pancreatic Cancer

A study of 66,806 subjects aged 50 to 76 at baseline from the Vitamins and Lifestyle cohort (Nature 2015) evaluated magnesium intake and the incidence of pancreatic cancer during a mean follow-up of 6.8 years. Subjects with magnesium intake below the recommended dietary allowance were more likely to develop pancreatic cancer, particularly in those whose intake was less than 75% of the recommended dietary allowance. In this study, a 100 mg/day decrease in magnesium intake resulted in a 24% increase in risk of pancreatic cancer.

Molecular Hydrogen and Cancer

There is little evidence to show that molecular hydrogen can reduce the risk of cancer. 

However, in terms of cancer treatment, studies involving the effects of H2 on cancer were systematically reviewed. More than 600 articles related to molecular hydrogen and cancer were retrieved from Cochrane, PubMed and Google Scholar, and 27 articles were included for this systematic review (2023). 

Based on the authors' analysis, "H2 plays a promising therapeutic role as an independent therapy as well as an adjuvant in combination therapy, resulting in an overall improvement in survivability, quality of life, blood parameters, and tumour reduction."

Although H2 has demonstrated significant anti-cancer effects, the underlying mechanisms have not yet been elucidated. Many studies have shown that H2 therapy can reduce oxidative stress. This, however, contradicts radiation therapy and chemotherapy, in which ROS (Reactive Oxygen Species) are required to induce apoptosis and combat cancer. 


Note: Most Molecular Hydrogen tablets uses pure elemental magnesium as its carrier and provides you with approximately 80 mg of magnesium per tablet. So, you receive also highly bioavailable magnesium for a healthy brain, muscles, cells, kidneys, and heart.

7. Ivermectin and Cancer

In a 2021 review paper, the related mechanisms by which ivermectin inhibited the development of different cancers and promoted programmed cell death were discussed. Also reviewed was the prospects for the clinical application of ivermectin as an anticancer drug for cancer therapy.

In another study, published in Nature (2021), Ivermectin stimulates T-cells to invade and destroy tumors and synergizes with immune checkpoint blockade for treatment of breast cancer.

Clinical studies 

While many in vitro studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of ivermectin against multiple cancers, the clinical effectiveness is limited to small case series. (De Castro 2020, Ishiguro 2022)

Dosing and cautions 

The optimal dosing strategy with ivermectin is unclear. De Castro et al reported the use of 1mg/kg/day for up to 6 months in three pediatric patients with refractory AML without untoward side effects (De Castro 2020). Ishiguro et al reported the use of ivermectin 12 mg twice weekly. (Ishiguro 2022) 

Read More: Ivermectin Cancer Success Stories: Case Series (2024)

8. Metformin

A search on PubMed for “metformin AND cancer” yielded more than 7,000 citations. 

Numerous trials have shown that metformin, routinely used to treat diabetes, also inhibits the development of cancer cells and reduces cancer cell proliferation. Unlike most standard chemotherapy, metformin suppresses cancer stem cells, the root of cancer. (Shi 2017)

Many cancer patients also have type-2 diabetes. Yet few take metformin because treating diabetes has taken a backseat to treating their cancer. We check hemoglobin A1c status on all our cancer patients. The medical standard of care is to prescribe metformin for anyone with a 5.8% or higher A1c. 

Clinical studies 

The results of the Taiwan National Health Insurance Data Survey (2019), which included a community of 12,005 patients taking metformin from 2000 to 2007 and a population of 4,597 patients taking other oral medications, indicated that using metformin reduces the chance of any type of cancer up to 88%.

Meta-analyses have examined the role of metformin in the primary prevention of cancer, where it was found to significantly reduce overall cancer incidence (Gandini 2014). Lega et al (2014) performed a meta-analysis of 21 observational studies, evaluating the outcomes of diabetic patients with cancer who were receiving metformin. In this study, metformin was associated with a reduction in all-cause mortality and cancer-specific mortality; patients with colorectal cancer demonstrated the greatest benefit. 

In a similar analysis performed by Yin et al (2013), metformin improved overall survival in patients with lung, breast, and prostate cancer. 

Coyle et al (2016) performed a meta-analysis of 27 observational studies which investigated the use of metformin as an adjunctive treatment for cancer. The findings of this study suggested that metformin was associated with significant benefit in the early treatment of patients with colorectal and prostate cancer, particularly in those receiving radical radiotherapy. 

Types of cancers that metformin may be beneficial for 

A 2023 meta-analysis revealed a 45% risk reduction in thyroid cancer among metformin users in Eastern countries, a phenomenon which was more evident in Asian populations than their Western counterparts.

Another extensive 2022 meta-analysis ascertained a notably lower gynecological cancer occurrence in those undergoing metformin treatment compared to alternative therapies (gynecological cancer: HR = 0.60, 95% CI: 0.49–0.74; endometrial cancer: HR = 0.65, 95% CI: 0.50–0.85; ovarian cancer: HR = 0.47, 95% CI: 0.27–0.82).

Various malignancies can be prevented with the use of metformin. In general, metformin can: i) lower cancer incidence, ii) lower cancer mortality, iii) improve cancer cell response to radiotherapy and chemotherapy, iv) optimize tumor migration and lower malignancy, v) lower relapse risk, and vi) lessen the harmful effects of androgen derivatives. (Saraei 2019)

Collective findings show that metformin has a broad spectrum of anticancer activity against breast, pancreatic, gastric, colorectal, endometrial, pancreatic prostate, non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and bladder cancers. (Buczyńska 2022, Stopsack 2016, Mei 2014) However, the greatest benefit may be in patients with colorectal and prostate cancer, (Stopsack 2016, Mei 2014), particularly when used as an adjunctive therapy.

Dosing and cautions 

A dose of metformin of 1,000 mg twice daily is suggested. Metformin is a remarkably safe drug with very few side effects. The most common adverse effects include abdominal or stomach discomfort, cough, hoarseness, decreased appetite, and diarrhea. Prolonged use is associated with vitamin B12 deficiency; supplementation with a B complex vitamin is therefore suggested. Metformin may cause very low blood glucose when combined with berberine; hence the blood glucose should be very closely monitored in patients taking this combination; if low glucose does occur, we would suggest alternating metformin and berberine (monthly). 

Note: Preclinical, epidemiological, and clinical insights have confirmed that metformin may act as a metabolic modulator by targeting various molecular pathways. Thus, metformin is a promising potent adjunct in anticancer regimens that could potentially synergize with chemotherapy, targeted agents, and immunomodulators.

9. Melatonin

PubMed has indexed more than 3,000 research studies on melatonin and cancer.

Melatonin is one of the most important antioxidant molecules. In the human body — aside from having direct antioxidant effects — it also stimulates the synthesis of glutathione and other important antioxidants like superoxide dismutase and catalase.

Many people are not aware that only 5% of your body’s melatonin — which is also a potent anticancer agent — is produced in your pineal gland. The other 95% is produced inside your mitochondria — provided you get sufficient near infrared exposure which is typically from sun on your bare skin. This is why vitamin D is more than likely a biomarker for sun exposure, which is intricately involved in melatonin production. (R)

Melatonin - Treatment

2022 - An umbrella review of meta-analyses based on randomized controlled trials (Pharmacological Research 2022):

"Survival at one year (P < 0.005) significantly increased with cancer patients."

2020 - A case series of 14 advanced cancer patients (Trends in Oncology 2020), treated with high dose (1,000 mg/day) of melatonin; achieved a disease control of 54% of the patients:

"Moreover, this preliminary study may also suggest that high dose melatonin has no toxicity in cancer patients with poor clinical status, as well as in healthy subjects."

Case Report: Complete Remission of an aggressive cancer – Adrenal Cancer – with Statin, Metformin & Melatonin - Metformin and Melatonin in Adrenocortical Carcinoma: Morphoproteomics and Biomedical Analytics Provide Proof of Concept in a Case Study

A case report from the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine at UT Health McGovern Medical School and Biomedical Analytics, Houston, TX, USA: 

“A 31-year-old white female was originally diagnosed with adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) at age. She subsequently began chemotherapy that included doxorubicin, cisplatin, etoposide and mitotane and metyrapone at MD Anderson Cancer Center with some shrinkage of the tumor leading to its surgical removal via right adrenalectomy and right hepatectomy. However, her ACC returned a few months later with metastatic disease to the left side of her liver and left lower lobe of the lung,  and the recurrent tumor was resistant to standard chemotherapy. When the patient was 26 years old, the metastatic tumor in the liver was excised via partial left hepatectomy and a portion was submitted for morphoproteomic analysis [8,9]. The morphoproteomic analysis resulted in the recommended therapeutic considerations that included a statin, metformin (500 mg twice per day) and melatonin (20 mg once per day at bedtime), and these agents were initiated as part of a personalized treatment plan of her medical oncologist. This brought the patient’s cancer under control clinically, and her improved health enabled her to start up her family. At age 27, the patient was pregnant, working part-time, and working out in the gym again. During her pregnancy and thereafter, she stopped the statin but continued metformin at 500 mg 4 times per week and melatonin at 20 mg 3 times per week as a maintenance regimen. She and her husband welcomed their daughter, born later that year. Subsequently, at age 28, a “spot” was confirmed in the right upper lobe of the lung and was removed and submitted for morphoproteomic analysis. By comparison with the pretreatment specimen from the liver, the metastatic tumor from the right upper lobe of the lung with the patient on maintenance therapy with metformin and melatonin showed molecular and morphometric evidence of growth inhibition (vide infra)."

"At age 29, repeat scans revealed no evidence of tumor, and she and her husband welcomed the birth of their son. Some 7 years post diagnosis the patient has resumed a healthy clinical life and remains on melatonin and metformin as a maintenance type therapy to reduce the risk of recurrent disease.”

10. Green Tea (EGCG) and Cancer

PubMed has indexed more than 2,000 research studies on EGCG and cancer.

Green tea also contains chemicals called polyphenols that have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory properties and anti-angiogenic properties, and the catechins in green tea polyphenols show very strong anti-angiogenic properties.

Green tea is a significant source of a type of flavonoid called catechin, which includes epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), epigallocatechin (EGC), epicatechin gallate (ECG), and epicatechin (EC). The most abundant individual catechin in fresh tea leaves is EGCG, which is more than 40% of the total content of catechins. (242) Green tea catechins (GTCs) have been proven to be effective in inhibiting cancer growth in several experimental models. 

Epigallocatechin 3-gallate (EGCG), the active compound in green tea, is synthesized from epicatechin and gallic acid, has garnered considerable attention in the scientific community due to its multifaceted biological and pharmacological properties. These include its anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-angiogenic, anti-proliferative, pro-apoptotic, and anti-metastatic functions. 

According to a 2018 review, EGCG and green tea extracts may help prevent or delay cancer onset, cancer recurrence, and secondary growths from cancer.

However, the National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health (NCCIH) state that studies of green tea and cancer in humans have so far produced inconsistent results.

Several epidemiological studies (2011) have reported that the consumption of green tea may decrease cancer risk. Studies have also confirmed numerous health benefits of green tea including prevention of cancer (R, R) and cardiovascular disease, as well as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antiarthritic, antibacterial, and antiviral effects. (R, R, R, R).

Given these promising insights, a phase I clinical trial (NCT00516243) has been initiated that targets women with hormone receptor-negative stages I-III breast cancer and aims to explore the safety and effectiveness of EGCG. Concurrently, several clinical trials for CRC (NCT02321969 and NCT01360320) are also in progress. However, while these studies are promising, the potential therapeutic application of EGCG in cancer treatment is still restricted by its limited bioavailability.

If you have cancer, consider drinking up to 3 cups of green tea per day to experience the benefits. Green tea pills are also available, but may be too concentrated. Some studies show health benefits in people who drink as little as one cup per day, while other studies deem five or more cups per day to be optimal (Source, Source).

Numerous experimental models have explored the mechanistic anticancer effects of GTCs (Green Tea Catechins); this data is supported by epidemiologic data, a case series of patients with B cell malignancies, several case reports and a RCT. A meta-analysis including 18 prospective cohorts and 25 case-control studies showed a significant inverse association between intake of tea catechins and risk of various cancers, with a relative risk (RR) being 0.935 (95% CI = 0.891- 0.981). 

Similarly an umbrella review and meta-analysis by Kim et al, which included 64 observational studies (case-control or cohort) demonstrated that GTC significantly reduced the risk of gastrointestinal cancer (oral, gastric, colorectal, biliary tract, and liver), breast cancer, and gynecological cancer (endometrial and ovarian cancer) as well as leukemia, lung cancer, and thyroid cancer. 

In a phase I dose finding study in patients with Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia, EGCG was well tolerated and a decline in the absolute lymphocyte count and/or lymphadenopathy was observed in the majority of patients.

Lemanne et al reported on a patient who demonstrated a complete and durable remission of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) following high dose EGCG. In a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study, treatment with 600 mg/day of green tea catechins reduced the risk of prostate cancer from 30% to 3% in men with high-grade prostate intraepithelial neoplasia. Types of cancers that green tea may be beneficial for Green tea catechins may be effective against a range of tumors including cancers of the prostate, breast, uterus, ovary, colorectal, lung, liver and gallbladder as well as glioblastoma and melanoma. GTCs appear to be particularly beneficial for prostate cancer as well as breast cancer. 


11. Mistletoe

Over 50 prospective studies (2020), including more than 30 randomized controlled trials (RCTs), have investigated the role of mistletoe in cancer patients, showing benefits in terms of improved quality of life, performance index, symptom scales, and reduced adverse effects of chemotherapy.

Another 2022 review has further supported these findings, revealing that mistletoe extracts significantly improve global quality of life and may have a favorable effect on survival in cancer patients (HR = 0.81, 95% CI 0.69–0.95, p = 0.01) when used as in combination to conventional treatments.

A phase I trial (2023) of intravenous mistletoe extract in patients with advanced cancer showed a disease control rate of 23.8% and improved quality of life indicators. Mistletoe is commonly used by integrative oncologists to enhance quality of life, increase chemotherapy tolerability, and potentially contribute to better tumor control and survival.

Read More: Mistletoe and the Emerging Future of Integrative Oncology

12. Aspirin and Celecoxib (Celebrex)

Aspirin and Cancer

In November 2023, researchers from Cardiff University in the United Kingdom published a comprehensive review in the British Journal of Cancer (BJC) outlining aspirin’s potential to reduce cancer mortality, prevent metastatic cancer spread, and minimize vascular complications. The review encompassed both favorable and unfavorable evidence, thoroughly analyzing the rationale behind using aspirin in cancer treatment.

The study compiled results from 118 observational studies involving approximately 1 million cancer patients. It revealed that daily intake of low-dose aspirin (75 or 81 milligrams) was associated with a 21 percent reduction in all-cause mortality.


A study involving pancreatic cancer patients undergoing surgery indicated that patients who took aspirin had a three-year survival rate of 61.1 percent, compared to 26.3 percent for those who did not take it.

A comprehensive review published in the renowned journal Annals of Oncology in 2020 indicated that patients who take aspirin have a relatively lower risk of developing various types of cancer.

The researchers conducted a comprehensive analysis of all observational studies on aspirin and digestive tract cancers published until March 2019, encompassing over 150,000 cases. The results revealed that, compared to patients not using aspirin, those who regularly took aspirin had a 27 percent reduced risk of colorectal cancer, a 33 percent reduced risk of squamous cell esophageal cancer, a 39 percent reduced risk of adenocarcinoma of the esophagus and gastric cardia, a 36 percent reduced risk of stomach cancer, a 38 percent reduced risk of hepatobiliary tract cancer, and a 22 percent reduced risk of pancreatic cancer. However, there was no significant change in the risk of head and neck cancer.

For colorectal cancer, taking a daily dose of aspirin between 75 and 100 milligrams can reduce the risk by 10 percent, while a daily dose of 325 milligrams can reduce the risk by 35 percent.

As covered above (under vitamin C and aspirin), various pre-clinical studies have showed the potential of aspirin and vitamin C with encouraging results in animal studies.

Celecoxib (Celebrex) and Cancer

Celecoxib, a selective cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitor, is conventionally prescribed for adult arthritis. However, recent studies have described the anticancer properties of celecoxib, which are mediated through the suppression of COX-2, a factor that is closely associated with cancer-related inflammation by promoting the synthesis of various prostaglandins, such as prostaglandin E2 (PGE2). (source)

Mr. Ben Williams was diagnosed with glioblastoma in March 1995. He availed himself of a drug and supplement protocol that proved to be effective. He chronicled these treatment choices first on a website and in his 2002 book, Surviving Terminal Cancer: Clinical Trials, Drug Cocktails, and Other Treatments Your Oncologist Won’t Tell You About. The protocol he followed stood out not just because of the many nutritional supplements but also because he took multiple off-label drugs. Williams took a range of drugs including Accutane, Actos, and Celebrex that evidence suggested might have an additive or synergistic effect against glioblastoma. 
 
A compelling study by Guo et al. demonstrated that administration of celecoxib post-diagnosis led to better overall survival rates in cancer patients, particularly those exhibiting positive PTGS2 expression combined with a phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha (PIK3CA) mutation.

Overall, the momentum of clinical trials investigating the role of celecoxib in cancer therapy is intensifying. In particular, the potential synergistic combination of celecoxib with chemotherapy or immunotherapy could improve cancer treatment outcomes, and confirm the importance of modulating inflammation as a potential therapeutic strategy against cancer.

13. Statins

Statins lower circulating blood lipids including low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol through the competitive inhibition of 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl-coenzyme A reductase (HMGCR), an enzyme that facilitates the conversion of HMG-CoA to mevalonic acid, which is a crucial step in cholesterol biosynthesis. By inhibiting this process, statins not only reduce cholesterol production but also impact by-products essential for cancer cell growth, thereby demonstrating their potential as anticancer agents (source).

Of the statins, simvastatin is particularly interesting due to its anticancer applications, which have been observed in various cancer types and are largely mediated through activation of mutant P53. 

Ongoing clinical trials are currently examining the efficacy of simvastatin against various cancers, including breast (NCT00807950, NCT05550415), gastric (NCT01099085, NCT03086291), colorectal (NCT01238094), and bladder (NCT02360618) cancer. Although the specifics of its mechanism, optimal dosage, and compatibility with other anticancer drugs remain unclear, we anticipate the emergence of novel strategies employing statins in cancer treatment in the future.

14. The Gerson Therapy and Juicing

According to Albert Schweitzer, MD (Nobel Peace Prize Winner, 1952):

I see in him one of the most eminent geniuses in the history of medicine. Many of his basic ideas have been adopted without having his name connected with them. Yet, he has achieved more than seemed possible under adverse conditions. He leaves a legacy which commands attention and which will assure him his due place. Those whom he has cured will now attest to the truth of his ideas.

Who was Albert Schweitzer talking about?

He was referring to Dr. Max Gerson, the German-born American medical doctor who developed one of the most effective natural cancer treatments about a century ago. Coined the “Gerson Therapy,” Dr. Gerson helped hundreds of cancer patients activate their bodies’ extraordinary ability to heal by recommending:

In the words of the Gerson Institute:

With its whole-body approach to healing, the Gerson Therapy naturally reactivates your body’s magnificent ability to heal itself — with no damaging side effects. This a powerful, natural treatment boosts the body’s own immune system to heal cancer, arthritis, heart disease, allergies, and many other degenerative diseases.

How the Gerson Therapy Works

The Gerson Therapy targets the most significant metabolic requirements in your body. How? Believe it or not, this therapy allows you to reap the nutritional benefits of consuming 15–20 pounds of organically grown fruits and vegetables each day!

Here’s the breakdown:

  • The Gerson Diet – Consisting of eating only organic fruits, vegetables and sprouted ancient grains, the Gerson Diet is exceptionally rich in vitamins, minerals and enzymes. It’s also very low in fats, proteins and sodium. The meal plan advises cancer patients to drink 13 glasses of freshly prepared juice, eat three plant-based meals and only snack on fresh fruits each day. Also, the traditional Gerson Therapy recommends consuming raw beef liver since it is the most nutrient-dense food on the planet and extremely high in vitamin B12.
  • Juicing – According to the Gerson Institute, “Fresh pressed juice from raw foods provides the easiest and most effective way of providing high quality nutrition.” The cancer-fighting protocol calls for patients to drink fresh vegetables each day, including raw carrots or apples and green-leaf juice. To preserve the nutritional content, the juice should be prepared hourly using a two-step juicer or a masticating juicer used with a separate hydraulic press. This helps prevent denaturation — when vitamins, minerals and enzymes are destroyed. (Most commercial juicers spin so fast that they heat up juice to the point they are basically pasteurized!)
  • Detoxification – The Gerson Therapy utilizes coffee enemas as the primary method of detoxing the body by increasing the parasympathetic nervous system. For cancer patients, this may take up to five enemas each day. The importance of keeping the body free of toxins is stressed by Dr. Gerson’s daughter, Charlotte:

The moment a patient is put on the full therapy, the combined effect of the food, the juices and the medication causes the immune system to attack and kill tumor tissue, besides working to flush out accumulated toxins from the body tissues. This great clearing-out procedure carries the risk of overburdening and poisoning the liver — the all-important organ of detoxification, which, in a cancer patient, is bound to be already damaged and debilitated.

  • Supplements – The Gerson Therapy recommends the following organic medicinal therapies:

15. HyperBaric Oxygen Therapy (HBOT) Chambers

All normal cells have an absolute requirement for oxygen, but cancer cells can live without oxygen — a rule without exception. Deprive a cell 35 percent of its oxygen for 48 hours and it may become cancerous.

~ Otto Warburg, MD (Nobel Prize in Physiology Winner, 1931)

Dr. Warburg made it clear that the root cause of cancer is oxygen deficiency, which creates an acidic state in the human body. He also discovered that cancer cells do not breathe oxygen and cannot survive in the presence of high levels of oxygen, as found in an alkaline state.

We’ve all heard that antioxidants kill free radicals in the body and reverse oxidative stress-causing chronic disease. This is one of the reasons why I love to use blueberries in my morning Berry Protein Smoothie! But is eating blueberries enough to help treat cancer?

Probably not. That’s why supplementing with oxygen therapy and utilizing a hyperbaric chamber is highly beneficial for people seeking natural cancer treatments.

Because the air pressure inside a hyperbaric oxygen chamber is about 2.5 times greater than the normal pressure in the atmosphere, it causes your blood to carry more oxygen to the organs and tissues in your body. Thought to help with everything from infected wounds to radiation injuries, many people claim that it has helped them of become free of cancer.


16. Hyperthermia Therapy for Cancer

What is Hyperthermia?

Hyperthermia is an abnormally high body temperature because your body can no longer release enough of its heat to maintain a normal temperature. It’s the opposite of hypothermia, when your body is too cold.

Hyperthermia vs Fever 

Hyperthermia isn’t the same as a fever. Hyperthermia is an uncontrolled rise in body temperature due to thermoregulation failure. Thermoregulation is a process that allows your body to maintain its core internal temperature.

A fever, on the other hand, is a temporary increase in your body temperature. Your hypothalamus increases your body’s set-point temperature often because your body’s attempt to fight off an infection.

Hyperthermia Therapy for Cancer
Thermal Therapy – photo from semanticscholar.org

Heat therapy for cancer

High body temperature is often caused by illness, such as fever or heat stroke. Research has shown that elevated body temperature can damage and kill cancerous cells with minimal injury to normal cells (Source). The main mechanism involved is by killing the cancer cells by destructing proteins and the structure within cells. Thus, hyperthermia may shrink tumors (Source).

In addition, hyperthermia to treat cancer is also called thermal therapy, thermal ablation, or thermotherapy.

This application of heat also help enhance the efficiency of standard cancer therapies, such as chemotherapy and radiation treatment.

Hyperthermia in combined treatment of cancer:

a. Combination of Hyperthermia and Radiotherapy

Hyperthermia treatment is a non-invasive method of increasing tumor temperature to stimulate blood flow, increase oxygenation and render tumor cells more sensitive to radiation. By adding hyperthermia to radiation therapy, radiation oncologists can increase tumor control while minimizing damage to healthy tissue.

Hyperthermia helps address the limitations of radiation for many patients by effectively increasing the radiation dose without increasing in unwanted side effects. (Source)

Hyperthermia and Radiotherapy in Metastatic Melanoma

A major multicenter trial was carried out in Europe by ESHO in patients with metastatic melanoma showed that here was a significant benefit for the addition of Hyperthermia, with a 2-year local control of 46% in the combined group as compared with 28% for those receiving Radiation alone. (Source)

b. Combination of Hyperthermia and Chemotherapy

Hyperthermia drug sensitization can be found in several anti-cancer drugs, mainly in alkylating agents. Those cells which are already resistant to the drugs, can respond to the same drug with combination therapy (i.e. heat).

Hyperthermia, with enhanced tissue perfusion, facilitates the absorption of chemotherapeutic API through cell membrane. In the presence of heat, chemical reaction gets accelerated. Therefore, chemotherapy becomes more effective, and less toxic. (Source)

17. Stress Reduction, Sleep, and Sunshine

If something's giving you sleepless nights, it's time to consider letting it go.

Managing stress and ensuring adequate sleep are crucial complementary therapies used by people with cancer. Chronic stress can negatively affect the immune system and may contribute to the growth of cancer. Adequate sleep and exposure to natural sunlight can help regulate hormones and improve mood, aiding in the fight against cancer. Embracing relaxation techniques and spending time outdoors can provide emotional relief and a sense of normalcy during challenging times.

Mechanisms and Dosage:

  • Sleep: Aim for 7-9 hours of restorative sleep each night.
  • Stress Reduction Techniques: Practice meditation, deep breathing, or mindfulness exercises daily.
  • Sunshine: Spend at least 15 minutes outdoors each day for natural vitamin D synthesis.

Considerations:

  • If sleep disturbances are caused by cancer treatments, consult your healthcare provider for management strategies.

Conclusion

This is a review of the published literature showing options for natural strategies and repurposed drugs that can be used in cancer prevention and treatment. It is not intended as a stand-alone guide to treating cancer. Nothing in this document should be taken as a basis to initiate treatment without guidance or avoid any treatment prescribed by your treating physician. This information is offered as a basis to assist mutual decision-making. 

For more comprehensive information, consider exploring additional research studies and clinical trials. Always consult with your healthcare provider/s before making any treatment decisions.


Disclaimers:
  • Please do not consider this guide as personal medical advice, but as a recommendation for use by professional providers. Consult with your doctor and discuss with her/him.
  • Our aim here isn't to replace your doctors' advice. It is intended as a sharing of knowledge and information. Do take note that cancer is a continuous struggle between the immune system and the cancer cells. Cancer treatments are meant to assist the immune system in this battle.
  • Cancer treatment should be part of a multi-modal approach in order to provide the best possible outcome. Diet and lifestyle changes are meant to run alongside conventional treatment. They are complementary, not alternative. 
  • Cancer care is a team effort with the patient at the centre. Care should be supervised and coordinated by a primary healthcare provider. Patients with cancer should consult with their regular oncologist as well as an integrative provider/oncologist, in addition to their primary care provider and the supporting nurses, dieticians and other allied healthcare professionals.
  • While the term 'alternative' might imply opposition to conventional oncology, we prefer 'complementary,' 'integrated,' or 'holistic.' These terms better reflect the role of these strategies as part of a personalized value-added menu of strategies, ensuring the most effective and safe solutions for patients.

Sources and References:

For more information on treatment, causes and prevention, screening, and the latest research, check out this comprehensive resource page (by cancer type): https://cancer.aestheticsadvisor.com/p/cancer-types-by-system.html

Read More: This article is part of the Winning the War on Cancer series.

Find Integrative Oncologists in USA, Mexico, Europe or Asia

While the potential anti-cancer properties of fenbendazole are intriguing, it’s crucial to approach with caution.

Consulting with an integrative healthcare expert is key to crafting a Fenbendazole protocol tailored to your unique health requirements. 


In 2016, Joe Tippens was diagnosed with non-small-cell lung cancer with extensive metastatic disease. At the advice of a veterinarian friend, he took Fenbendazole together with nanocurcumin, and three months after starting these drugs his PET scan was completely clear. 

Below is a modified version of the Joe Tippens protocol, as recommended by Canadian oncologist Dr. William Makis.
  • Fenbendazole is commonly taken at 300 mg for six days a week, with doses increasing to up to 1 gram in cases of aggressive "turbo cancers." The original Joe Tippens protocol recommended the  Panacur C brand of fenbendazole. If Panacur C is unavailable in your country, SanareLab Fenbendazole 222 mg (Available on Amazon) is a viable alternative.
  • Ivermectin (24 mg, 7 days a week) or in the case of severe turbo cancers up to 1mg/kg/day*.
  • Diet and Lifestyle: Removing sugar from one’s diet is crucial during this protocol (BMJ 2023), eating a nutritious fresh whole-food diet with fruits and vegetables, avoid ultra processed foods (BMJ 2024) and a healthy lifestyle with less stress. 
  • Adopting a healthy lifestyle is essential during this protocol. This includes eliminating sugar from the diet (BMJ 2023), consuming a nutritious, whole-food diet rich in fresh fruits and vegetables, avoiding ultra-processed foods (BMJ 2024), and minimizing stress.
  • Bio-Available Curcumin (600 mg per day, 2 pills per day 7 days a week). 
  • Vitamin D (62.5 mcg [2500 IU] seven days a week).
*You might need vitamin A if you are on ivermectin high dose. Talk to your doctor.


10 Alternative Cancer Therapies Worth Considering for an Integrative Treatment Plan (credit: BrioMedical)

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