Top 10 Medicinal Mushrooms for Health and Longevity, Ranked (2025)

Mushrooms have been a cornerstone of traditional medicine for centuries, offering a myriad of health benefits. From boosting cognitive function to enhancing immune defense, medicinal mushrooms contain bioactive compounds that support overall well-being. 

Here are the top 10 medicinal mushrooms, ranked for their key health benefits.

1. Lion's Mane (Hericium erinaceus) - Cognitive Health

Lion’s Mane is known for its neuroprotective properties. It contains compounds such as hericene A, which promote neuron growth and connectivity. Studies show that Lion’s Mane can enhance memory, improve focus, and even alleviate symptoms of anxiety and depression. It also stimulates nerve growth factor (NGF), making it an excellent natural remedy for brain health.

2. Reishi (Ganoderma lucidum) - Immunity and Longevity

Reishi, often called the "Mushroom of Immortality," is revered for its immune-boosting and anti-aging properties. It contains triterpenes, which have anti-inflammatory and adaptogenic effects, helping the body manage stress. Reishi is also known for its ability to improve sleep quality and enhance cardiovascular health.

3. Tiger Milk Mushroom (Lignosus rhinocerus) - Lung Health

Native to Southeast Asia, Tiger Milk Mushroom has been used in traditional medicine to treat respiratory conditions such as asthma, chronic coughs, and bronchitis. It contains bioactive polysaccharides and beta-glucans, which support immune function and reduce inflammation. Recent studies indicate that it helps fortify lung health, making it particularly useful in polluted environments.

4. Chaga (Inonotus obliquus) - Antioxidant Powerhouse

Chaga mushroom is one of the richest sources of antioxidants, protecting cells from oxidative stress and aging. It has been traditionally used to support immune function and improve overall vitality. Research suggests that Chaga can help lower inflammation and fight harmful free radicals, promoting longevity and cellular health.

5. Cordyceps (Cordyceps sinensis) - Energy and Athletic Performance

Cordyceps is widely used to enhance stamina and physical endurance. It improves oxygen utilization, making it beneficial for athletes and individuals looking to increase energy levels. Additionally, Cordyceps has been found to support respiratory function and aid in post-exercise recovery.

6. Turkey Tail (Trametes versicolor) - Immune System Modulation

Turkey Tail is renowned for its immune-modulating effects, thanks to its high content of polysaccharopeptides (PSP) and polysaccharide-K (PSK). These compounds help stimulate the immune system and have been studied for their potential role in supporting cancer patients undergoing treatment.

7. Shiitake (Lentinula edodes) - Heart Health

Shiitake mushrooms are packed with compounds like lentinan and eritadenine, which support immune function and cardiovascular health. Research suggests that Shiitake can help reduce cholesterol levels and improve blood circulation, making it a heart-healthy food choice.

Hundreds of studies show that extracts from the roots of certain shiitake mushrooms called “active hexose correlated compound” (AHCC) have tremendous medicinal properties.

They fight many kinds of cancer in multiple ways. For example, AHCC is hailed as a leading alternative cancer therapy in Japan, where it’s used in hundreds of clinics, advocates of the treatment say.

The extract MGN-3 is also backed by impressive scientific evidence, with proven immune boosting properties. (source)

Note: Mushroom varieties such as maitake, porcini, king oyster, shiitake, and oyster mushrooms are especially rich in Ergothioneine.

8. Maitake (Grifola frondosa) - Blood Sugar Regulation

Maitake mushroom is known for its ability to regulate blood sugar levels and support metabolic health. It contains beta-glucans that enhance insulin sensitivity, making it beneficial for individuals with diabetes or metabolic disorders. Additionally, Maitake has immune-boosting properties that contribute to overall wellness.

9. Porcini (Boletus edulis) - Longevity and Ergothioneine Content

Porcini mushrooms are among the richest sources of ergothioneine, a powerful antioxidant linked to reduced risk of heart disease, stroke, and neurodegenerative conditions. Ergothioneine acts as a cell protector, helping to slow the aging process and promote overall longevity.

10. Agaricus Blazei - Anti-Inflammatory Benefits

Agaricus Blazei is rich in polysaccharides with strong anti-inflammatory and immune-enhancing properties. It has been studied for its potential effects in reducing chronic inflammation, supporting the body’s ability to fight infections and autoimmune conditions.

Conclusion

Medicinal mushrooms offer a natural and powerful way to enhance cognitive function, support immune health, and promote longevity. Whether consumed as whole foods, teas, or supplements, these mushrooms provide a holistic approach to well-being. As research continues to uncover their benefits, integrating these fungi into daily life presents an exciting opportunity for natural health optimization.

References:

Ergothioneine Is a Longevity Powerhouse

https://articles.mercola.com/sites/articles/archive/2024/09/21/lions-mane-may-help-boost-brain-health.aspx

Related: Could Mushroom Coffee be Better for You? (New York Post)